Effect of cure on fracture properties of a composite: Part 3 - A418
| Effect of cure on fracture properties of a composite: Part 3 | |
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| Perspectives article | |
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| Document Type | Article |
| Document Identifier | 418 |
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Webinar Date
Presenter
Dr. Casey Keulen
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
The motivation to achieve a ‘proper cure’ seems obvious/intuitive but what really happens if we don’t cure a thermoset composite properly? How does the degree of cure affect the fracture properties of the material? How does the degree of cure affect the material’s ability to stand up to ‘hot’ conditions and/or ‘wet’ conditions?
In the third part of this series, we will extend what was done in the first two parts to look at how the fracture properties are affected by an under cure, moisture, and elevated temperatures.
In the first two parts of this series, we discussed thermal management of the curing process and identified potential situations where a composite may be under-cured or thermally degraded (exposed to excessive temperature during cure). We looked at the results of mechanical tests including tensile, compression, in-plane shear (Iosipescu), and short-beam shear (interlaminar shear strength) on specimens that have been significantly under cured, moderately under-cured, cured according to the manufacturer’s recommended cure cycle, and thermally degraded, as well as under ambient, wet, and hot-wet conditions. A recording of these webinars can be accessed here: https://compositeskn.org/KPC/A319 and https://compositeskn.org/KPC/A320
This work was done in collaboration with ZwickRoell and the Technical University of Munich under the supervision of Dr. Hannes Körber, Global Industry Manager Composites, ZwickRoell.
Presenter[edit | edit source]
Casey Keulen, PhD
Associant Professor of Teaching, Department of Materials Engineering, The University of British Columbia
Director, Knowledge in Practice Centre, CKN
Webinar[edit | edit source]
Webinar slides[edit | edit source]
Webinar slides available by clicking on the icon below
Additional information for select chapters[edit | edit source]
| Chapter | Chapter Title | Links to related information in the Knowledge in Practice Centre |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Welcome & Introductions | N/A |
| 2 | Knowledge in Practice Centre | |
| 3 | Outline | N/A |
| 4 | Background and Motivation | |
| 5 | Material, cure cycles and conditioning parameters | |
| 6 | Recap of Parts 1 and 2 | |
| 7 | Part 3: Test Parameters and Results | |
| 8 | Open Hole Tension Test | |
| 9 | Compression After Impact Test | |
| 10 | Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness Test | |
| 11 | Observations and Take-Aways | N/A |
| 12 | Conclusions | N/A |
| 13 | Q&A | N/A |
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Understanding Composites Processing
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- The factory
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The way that the material, shape, tooling & consumables and equipment (abbreviated as MSTE) interact with each other during a process step is critical to the outcome of the manufacturing step, and ultimately critical to the quality of the finished part. The interactions between MSTE during a process step can be numerous and complex, but the Knowledge in Practice Centre aims to make you aware of these interactions, understand how one parameter affects another, and understand how to analyze the problem using a systems based approach. Using this approach, the factory can then be developed with a complete understanding and control of all interactions.
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Design for manufacturing is critical to ensuring the producibility of a part. Trouble arises when it is considered too late or not at all in the design process. Conversely, process design (controlling the interactions between shape, material, tooling & consumables and equipment to achieve a desired outcome) must always consider the shape and material of the part. Ashby has developed and popularized the approach linking design (function) to the choice of material and shape, which influence the process selected and vice versa, as shown below:
Within the Knowledge in Practice Centre the same methodology is applied but the process is more fully defined by also explicitly calling out the equipment and tooling & consumables. Note that in common usage, a process which consists of many steps can be arbitrarily defined by just one step, e.g. "spray-up". Though convenient, this can be misleading.
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