Material - A137
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| Document Type | Article |
| Document Identifier | 137 |
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Overview[edit | edit source]
Materials are any raw materials that are converted into the finished part during manufacturing. This includes reinforcements, matrix polymers, cores, and other auxiliary materials. Consumables are also used during manufacturing but, unlike raw materials, are not incorporated in the final product. The combination of material and shape define the part, and thereby control the outcome sensitivity of the system (i.e. how the part will respond to the conditions of a given process step). Raw materials can be added in stages at particular steps of the manufacturing process. For instance, in liquid composite moulding (LCM), the fiber reinforcement is laid down during a material deposition step and then liquid resin is introduced during a following impregnation step. In any factory workflow, depending on the process steps, materials may be deposited, shaped, consolidated, transformed, machined, etc. To truly define a process step, one must understand how the part, considering both material and shape, will interact with the tooling and equipment[1]. In order to understand which materials may be used for a given part or manufacturing process, navigate to the Practice volume, where the practice for selecting a material system is provided.
This page lists and provides links to individual pages concerning all composite material constituents. The content of the material catalogue volume pages is intended to assist with the purchasing of these materials.
To learn about a specific material, navigate to explore this area further at the bottom of this page. Included here is an alphabetical list of all material pages on the KPC. To learn about any of the materials, click on the appropriate link.
To learn more about materials parameters navigate to the following link (note that more information is included in the level II tab).
To learn how materials may influence manufacturing outcomes, click on the links below.
- Effect of material in a thermal management system
- Material effects for other manufacturing themes are coming soon
Explore this area further
References
- ↑ [Ref] Fabris, Janna Noemi (2018). A Framework for Formalizing Science Based Composites Manufacturing Practice (Thesis). The University of British Columbia, Vancouver. doi:10.14288/1.0372787.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
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Welcome
Welcome to the CKN Knowledge in Practice Centre (KPC). The KPC is a resource for learning and applying scientific knowledge to the practice of composites manufacturing. As you navigate around the KPC, refer back to the information on this right-hand pane as a resource for understanding the intricacies of composites processing and why the KPC is laid out in the way that it is. The following video explains the KPC approach:
Understanding Composites Processing
The Knowledge in Practice Centre (KPC) is centered around a structured method of thinking about composite material manufacturing. From the top down, the heirarchy consists of:
- The factory
- Factory cells and/or the factory layout
- Process steps (embodied in the factory process flow) consisting of:
The way that the material, shape, tooling & consumables and equipment (abbreviated as MSTE) interact with each other during a process step is critical to the outcome of the manufacturing step, and ultimately critical to the quality of the finished part. The interactions between MSTE during a process step can be numerous and complex, but the Knowledge in Practice Centre aims to make you aware of these interactions, understand how one parameter affects another, and understand how to analyze the problem using a systems based approach. Using this approach, the factory can then be developed with a complete understanding and control of all interactions.
Interrelationship of Function, Shape, Material & Process
Design for manufacturing is critical to ensuring the producibility of a part. Trouble arises when it is considered too late or not at all in the design process. Conversely, process design (controlling the interactions between shape, material, tooling & consumables and equipment to achieve a desired outcome) must always consider the shape and material of the part. Ashby has developed and popularized the approach linking design (function) to the choice of material and shape, which influence the process selected and vice versa, as shown below:
Within the Knowledge in Practice Centre the same methodology is applied but the process is more fully defined by also explicitly calling out the equipment and tooling & consumables. Note that in common usage, a process which consists of many steps can be arbitrarily defined by just one step, e.g. "spray-up". Though convenient, this can be misleading.
Workflows
The KPC's Practice and Case Study volumes consist of three types of workflows:
- Development - Analyzing the interactions between MSTE in the process steps to make decisions on processing parameters and understanding how the process steps and factory cells fit within the factory.
- Troubleshooting - Guiding you to possible causes of processing issues affecting either cost, rate or quality and directing you to the most appropriate development workflow to improve the process
- Optimization - An expansion on the development workflows where a larger number of options are considered to achieve the best mixture of cost, rate & quality for your application.
