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Reference - A-basis and B-basis buckling allowables for an aircraft composite wing

From CKN Knowledge in Practice Centre
Type Journal
Title A-basis and B-basis buckling allowables for an aircraft composite wing
Abstract Buckling is a critical failure mode for aircraft composite panels. Therefore, determining the critical buckling load is essential for properly modeling. To optimize composite laminate structures, it is important to know the strength of the laminate, which can be obtained through statistical analyses based on test data. The resultant strength value is known as a design allowable. This paper aims to establish an approach to evaluate two types of statistically determined buckling allowables, A-Basis and B-Basis, for an aircraft composite wing. In this study, a finite element model of a composite semi-wing was used to perform linear buckling simulations. Six input parameters were initially selected as relevant to affect the buckling strength of the semi-wing: four material properties and two geometric parameters. A set of Monte Carlo simulations was conducted varying these parameters of interest, followed by a global sensitivity analysis using Sobol indices to identify the influence of each one, individually (first-order) and in pairs (second-order). A surrogate model based on artificial neural networks was then trained using data from the Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, this surrogate model was used to define the A-Basis and B-Basis allowables for a critical loading case.
Accessed 2026-03-13
Authors
  • Cardoso, Roberto A.S.
  • Reis, Marina S.
  • Ferreira, Leonardo P.S.
  • Alves, Mariana P.
  • Ha, Sung K.
  • Cimini, Carlos A.
Date 2025-10-10
Issue 12
Publisher Marcílio Alves
Journal Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures
Volume 22
Websites
DOI 10.1590/1679-7825/e8284
ISSN 16797825
Keywords Design allowables, Linear buckling strength, Sensitivity analysis, Sobol indices, Surrogate models
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Welcome to the CKN Knowledge in Practice Centre (KPC). The KPC is a resource for learning and applying scientific knowledge to the practice of composites manufacturing. As you navigate around the KPC, refer back to the information on this right-hand pane as a resource for understanding the intricacies of composites processing and why the KPC is laid out in the way that it is. The following video explains the KPC approach:

Understanding Composites Processing

The Knowledge in Practice Centre (KPC) is centered around a structured method of thinking about composite material manufacturing. From the top down, the heirarchy consists of:

The way that the material, shape, tooling & consumables and equipment (abbreviated as MSTE) interact with each other during a process step is critical to the outcome of the manufacturing step, and ultimately critical to the quality of the finished part. The interactions between MSTE during a process step can be numerous and complex, but the Knowledge in Practice Centre aims to make you aware of these interactions, understand how one parameter affects another, and understand how to analyze the problem using a systems based approach. Using this approach, the factory can then be developed with a complete understanding and control of all interactions.

The relationship between material, shape, tooling & consumables and equipment during a process step


Interrelationship of Function, Shape, Material & Process

Design for manufacturing is critical to ensuring the producibility of a part. Trouble arises when it is considered too late or not at all in the design process. Conversely, process design (controlling the interactions between shape, material, tooling & consumables and equipment to achieve a desired outcome) must always consider the shape and material of the part. Ashby has developed and popularized the approach linking design (function) to the choice of material and shape, which influence the process selected and vice versa, as shown below:

The relationship between function, material, shape and process


Within the Knowledge in Practice Centre the same methodology is applied but the process is more fully defined by also explicitly calling out the equipment and tooling & consumables. Note that in common usage, a process which consists of many steps can be arbitrarily defined by just one step, e.g. "spray-up". Though convenient, this can be misleading.

The relationship between function, material, shape and process consisting of Equipment and Tooling and consumables


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